I need not to explain why or when you would clean/reset print hive. If you are reading this, you already know that.
There is a PERFGURU
TechNet Blog that explain this process however that is little bit confusing for
new bees. So I thought, let’s make that simple and re-write the same at least
in way that I understand even after 10 years.
Before you begin,
i)
You should know how many
printers are there and their names.
To know the printers name
and their share names, run following command: get-WmiObject -class Win32_printer | ft name, shareName
ii)
Its need not to mention
that before you change the registry, you always keep a backup of the same. Run
the following command to save a backup on C:\ & the file name would be
PrintHive.reg;
reg
export HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Print
C:\PrintHive.reg
During printer driver
installation settings got changed (in not recommended manner) and after
sometimes that cause “spoolsv.exe” to crash. Print Spooler crash happens most
of the time due to third party print processors and print monitors. We can set
printers to use default print processor and monitor by changes in the registry.
That DOES NOT mean existing printers will be uninstalled or will not work. They
will remain and will be using Windows default and recommended settings. However
their functionality may reduce.
So, what is print
processor and print monitor?
Print Processor: The print
processor tells the spooler to alter a job according to the document data type.
It works together with the printer driver to move the spooled print jobs from
the hard disk drive to the printer.
Print Monitor: The print
monitors are the name of any component that processes the print job after it
has spooled and are responsible for directing the output to the print device.
Print monitors can be divided into two classes:
· Language monitors
· Port monitors
Language monitors are typically
used only for bi-directional printers. A bi-directional printer supports
two-way communication to answer status, and configurations questions sent to
it. A
Bi-directional printer
can also give unsolicited status information about the job being printed, and
error conditions such as paper out.
Port monitors consist of
user-mode DLLs. They are responsible for providing a communications path
between the user-mode print spooler and the kernel-mode port drivers that
access I/O port hardware.
Okay, enough talking…
let’s start..
STEP 1:
Confirm the default Local
Print Provider
1) Confirm that the
Driver value in the Local Port Registry key is set to Localspl.dll. If it is
not, double-click the "Driver" value to edit the Data String and set
it to Localspl.dll.
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Print\Monitors\Local
Port
_______________________________________________________________________
STEP 2:
Remove 3rd Party Port and
Language Monitors
1) Go to
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Print\Monitors.
2) Note any 3rd-party
Monitors that are listed in the Monitors Registry key for future reference:
The default Monitors are:
==========================
AppleTalk Printing
Devices
BJ Language Monitor
Local Port
LPR Port
PJL Language Monitor
Standard TCP/IP Port
USB Monitor
Windows NT Fax Monitor
==========================
Note: Not all of the
above default Port Monitors will be present in all cases. You may also see the
Microsoft Office Document Imaging Monitor which is installed by MS Office.
The 2 types of monitors
that may be listed here are Port Monitors and/or Language Monitors. As a
general rule, Language Monitors will not have any printer ports defined in the
Ports subkey and may be removed without causing a problem. Port Monitors such as
HP Standard TCP/IP, however, may have active printers using this port type.
If a 3rd-party Port
Monitor is in use, with printers defined in the Ports subkey under the Port
Monitor, you will need to convert the port(s) to a Standard TCP/IP Port
(Standard Port Monitor). To identify the ports used against any printer, refer
the Print Management Console > Print Servers > Ports.
_______________________________________________________________________
STEP 3:
Convert 3rd-party Port
Monitor to Standard TCP/IP Port Monitor
1) Open the Printers and
Faxes folder.
2) Right-click the
printer that was identified as using the 3rd-party Port Monitor and select
Properties.
3) In the Properties for
the printer, click the Ports tab.
4) On the Ports tab,
click the Add Port button.
5) In the Printer Ports
dialog, select Standard TCP/IP and click the New Port button to start the Add
Standard TCP/IP Printer Port Wizard.
6) Click “Next” when the
Add Standard TCP/IP Printer Port Wizard starts to specify the printer that will
be using this new port.
7) Enter the Printer Name
or IP Address for the printer that will be using this new port and click Next.
Note: The wizard
automatically fills in the port name for you in the Port Name box. You can
either accept this name or type the name that you want to use, and then click “Next”.
Standard Port Monitor then sends a query to the print device. Based on the SNMP
values that are returned, the device details are determined and the appropriate
device options are displayed. If the print device cannot be identified, you
must supply additional information about it.
8) If the Additional Port
Information Required page is displayed, perform one of the following tasks
under Device Type:
Click Standard, click the
appropriate device in the list, and then click “Next”.
-Or-
Click Custom, click
Settings, specify the protocol settings (RAW or LPR) and the SNMP status
settings that you want to use, click OK, and then click Next.
10) If the wizard prompts
you for the print server protocol, specify the protocol that you want to use,
either RAW or LPR.
11) If the wizard prompts
you to select a port, specify the port that you want to use in the Device Port
box, and then click “Next”.
12) Click Finish, and
then click Close. On the Ports tab in the Properties for the printer, you
should see that the printer is now set to use the new Standard TCP/IP Port that
you just created. The new Standard TCP/IP port is also displayed in the Ports
on this server list on the Ports tab in the Print Server Properties (File >
Server Properties from within the Printers folder)
13) You can then delete
the 3rd-party port from the Ports tab within the Print Server Properties.
14) Repeat these steps
for all printers that are using a 3rd-party Port Monitor.
After moving all printers
to the Standard TCP/IP Port Monitor, we can delete the 3rd-party Port Monitor’s
Registry key under the Monitors key:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Print\Monitors
_______________________________________________________________________
STEP 4:
Remove All Other 3rd
party Monitors
For any other 3rd party
Monitors that are identified under the Monitors key and are confirmed to NOT
have any printer ports listed under the Ports subkey for the Monitor, we will
need to perform the following 2 steps
· Identify printers configured to use
the 3rd party Monitor.
· Delete the reference to the Monitor
for that printer.
· Delete the Registry key for the 3rd
party Monitor.
1) Note the name of the
3rd-party Monitor that is being removed. We will use this name to search the
Print Registry key for references to this Monitor.
Assume, for example, that
the HP Master Monitor is installed:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Print\Monitors\HP
Master Monitor
EOJTimeout REG_DWORD
0xea60
Driver REG_SZ HPBMMON.DLL
2) In Regedit, click to
highlight the Print key:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Print
3) Press F3, or click the
Edit menu and select Find.
4) In the “Find what”
field, type the name of the 3rd-party Monitor that is being removed, HP Master
Monitor in this example, and click Find Next. Identify printers that are
configured to use the Monitor that we are removing, for example:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Print\Environments\Windows
NT x86\Drivers\Version-3\HP Color LaserJet 2500 PCL 6
Configuration File REG_SZ
HPBF342E.DLL
Data File REG_SZ
HPBF342I.PMD
Driver REG_SZ
HPBF342G.DLL
Help File REG_SZ
HPBF342E.HLP
Monitor REG_SZ HP Master
Monitor
5) Double-click the
Monitor value to delete the 3rd party Monitor data string. In this example,
delete the “HP Master Monitor” value. The Monitor value will be left with a
blank data string, as follows:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Print\Environments\Windows
NT x86\Drivers\Version-3\HP Color LaserJet 2500 PCL 6
Configuration File REG_SZ
HPBF342E.DLL
Data File REG_SZ
HPBF342I.PMD
Driver REG_SZ
HPBF342G.DLL
Help File REG_SZ
HPBF342E.HLP
Monitor REG_SZ
6) Repeat the steps above
for all 3rd-party Monitors.
7) Stop and restart the
Print Spooler service for the changes take effect.
Net stop spooler
&& Net start spooler
Note: In most cases,
removing the 3rd party Monitors will not affect normal printing. If new
problems are seen after removing the 3rd party Monitors, we can restore the
backed up Print Registry key to restore the original configuration.
You can then perform the
steps above again in smaller steps, stopping and starting the Print Spooler
service more frequently, to determine if a specific component is required. If
so, skip the removal of this component and continue removing the other
3rd-party items.
Note: If the problem is
easily reproducible, you may also individually remove the 3rd-party Monitors to
try to narrow the problem down to a particular Monitor. This procedure will
take more time and may require restarting the Print Spooler service multiple
times.
_______________________________________________________________________
STEP 5:
Remove 3rd-party Print
Providers
1) Remove 3rd party Print
Providers by deleting the 3rd-party providers in the following Registry key:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Print\Providers
2) The default Print
Providers are:
- Internet Print Provider
- Lanman Print Services
3) Stop and restart the
Print Spooler service for the changes take effect.
Net stop spooler
&& Net start spooler
_______________________________________________________________________
STEP 6:
Remove 3rd Party Print
Processors
Perform the following
steps to confirm that all printers are configured to use the WinprintPrint
Processor.
· Identify printers that are configured
to use a 3rd party Print Processor.
· Change the 3rd party Print Processor
to Winprint.
· Delete the Registry key for the 3rd
party Print Processor.
Note: the name of the
installed Print Processors under the following Registry key:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Print\Environments\Windows
NT x86\Print Processors
The default Print
Processor is Winprint.
1) Assume, for example,
that the HPPRN05 is installed:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Print\Environments\Windows
NT x86\Print Processors\HPPRN05
Driver REG_SZ HPPRN05.DLL
-- In that example,
delete "HPPRN05" key.
2) In Regedit, click to
highlight the Print key:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Print
3) Press F3, or click the
Edit menu and select Find.
4) In the “Find what”
field, type Print Processor and click Find Next. Identify the Print Processor
being used for each printer:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Print\Printers\Client1
ChangeID REG_DWORD
0x1b9fa8c9
Status REG_DWORD 0x180
Name REG_SZ Client\XPWS
Share Name REG_SZ
Print Processor REG_SZ
HPPRN05
5) Double-click the Print
Processor value to change the 3rd party processor data string to Winprint.
6) Repeat the steps above
for all 3rd-party Print Processors.
7) Stop and restart the
Print Spooler service for the changes to take effect.
Net stop spooler
&& Net start spooler
_______________________________________________________________________
STEP 7:
Additional steps to be
done
1) Check the Spool folder
to see if there are any old files in the folder. When printing is working
properly, the files in the Spool folder are deleted as the jobs are printed.
The default Spool folder is:
systemroot\System32\Spool\Printers
The Spool folder location
can be confirmed by checking the DefaultSpoolDirectory Registry value in the
following Registry key:
Move any old files that
are in the Spool folder to see if the problem still occurs. Corrupt files in
the Spool folder can cause Print Spooler service problems. You may need to stop
the Print Spooler service to move the files from the Spool folder.
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Print\Printers
2) The Print Spooler
service is, by default, dependent only upon the Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
service, RPCSS. To confirm the Spooler dependencies, check the DependOnService
value in the following Registry key:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Spooler
Confirm that the
dependent services are started. If there are any other dependent services
listed, in addition to RPCSS, edit the DependOnService Registry value to remove
all dependencies except RPCSS.
3) Configure the
installed antivirus application to exclude scanning the Spool folder. There can
be contention between the antivirus application and the Print Spooler service
that may cause intermittent printing problems.
_______________________________________________________________________
STEP 8:
Take a break, Lit up a
cigarette.. and make sure you come back
…
Okay, that was the manual
process to do a print hive clean. However for Server 2008R2 there was a FIXIT
available but, the same is not available anymore.
There is a PowerShell
script available doing the same for Windows 7 and Windows 2008 R2 Remote
Desktop Servers. It doesn’t (yes, you heard me right) work for Print Servers. L
Note: I have made some
changes in that, and now it is a universal script and can run on ANY Windows 7
& 2008R2 computer and above. However you SHOULD NOT run that on print
servers.
To get that Universal Script you need
to get in touch with me.
Make sure you take a
backup of your existing Print hive: reg
export HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Print
C:\PrintHive.reg
If your computer has
never run any PowerShell scripts, then we need run this command (as
administrator) to allow script execution: “Set-ExecutionPolicy
Unrestricted“
Following command resets
print environment to out of box:
print-reset.ps1 -full
Following command
corrects common printing issues:
print-reset.ps1 -light
Explanation of Light Mode
and Full Mode
-light: Light mode -
Corrects common printing issues.
1. Stop spooler service
and dependents.
2. Do not backup spooler
service configuration: hklm\system\currentcontrolset\services - warn user
-printbrm/PMC
3. Do not Backup print
configuration: hklm\system\currentcontrolset\control\print
4. Do not backup files in
%windir%\system32\spool\printers\ directory - warn user - back up manually
5. Import default print
monitors (USB, Local Port, TCP/IP, WSD, and Microsoft Shared Fax registry
configuration)
6. Import spooler service
default configuration
7. Import print processor
configuration for correct machine architecture:
hklm\system\currentcontrolset\control\print\environments\(machine
architecture)\winprint
8. Detect if spoolsv.exe,
spoolss.dll, localspl.dll, or win32spl.dll are not present in
%windir%\system32, write error to log.
9. Copy NTPrint.inf from
%windir%\driverstore if not present in %windir%\inf. If (also) not present in
driverstore, write error to log.
10. Test the path for
hklm\system\currentcontrolset\control\print\printers\.DefaultSpoolDirectory. If
it is not a valid path, write error to log. Correct this condition by setting
it to the default path.
11. Delete all files from
the spooler directory
12. Start the spooler
service and dependents
-full: Full mode. Resets
spooler service and print key to defaults.
1. Stop spooler service
and dependents.
2. Do not Backup spooler
service configuration: hklm\system\currentcontrolset\services
3. Do not Backup print
configuration: hklm\system\currentcontrolset\control\print
4. Do not Backup
Lanmanserver/Shares key
5. Do not Backup
HKCU\Printers\Connections
6. Import default print
key for correct machine architecture
7. Import spooler service
default configuration
8. Detect if spoolsv.exe,
spoolss.dll, localspl.dll, or win32spl.dll are not present in
%windir%\system32, write error to log.
The following command
line switches are supported
-light Light Mode -
Corrects common printing issues
-full Full mode - Resets
spooler service and print registry keys to defaults
-force Do not prompt for
confirmation
-quiet Do not display
console output
A log is created
automatically and saved in %windir%\printreset
The above mentioned
script does not work on Print Servers. So in a Print Server you need to do this
manual. But just think, why we use scripts or commands. In Windows most things
can be done using GUI and using mouse clicks, but script or commands works
faster. So there are PowerShell commands that would do this for you (almost).
These commands technically do the same, however this is not recommended way and
just a temporary work around to get the Spooler Service up.
NOTE* these commands only
work on standalone Print Servers and will not work on Clustered Servers.
** Make sure you have
backed up the print key. **
Command to change Print
Processor of all Printers to “WinPrint”
set-itemproperty -path
‘HKLM:\system\currentcontrolset\control\print\printers\*’ -name ‘Print
Processor’ -value WinPrint
Command to change Print
Monitor to “Blank”
For x64 Drivers
set-itemproperty -path
‘HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Print\Environments\Windows
x64\Drivers\Version-3\*’ -name ‘Monitor’ -value $null
For x86 Drivers
set-itemproperty -path
‘HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Print\Environments\Windows NT
x86\Drivers\Version-3\*’ -name ‘Monitor’ -value $null
Basically, I have given
three different ways to achieve almost same thing; make sure that every printer
uses the Windows default print processor and print monitors.
The most recommended way
I the first one, the manual way however I will take time. You need to decide
which one of them to use at what scenario.
Make sure you have backup
of “HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Print” key. The reason
I am mentioning this because once I have taken backup of “HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Print\Printers”
and after full clean up all printers were gone from the print server. I was lucky
as that was a VM and customer took a snapshot just before we started troubleshooting.
All right, hope this will
help. Bye ..
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